AI finds more precancerous polyps than traditional colonoscopy

Colonoscopies performed with computer-aided detection, or artificial intelligence (AI), saw an increase in the overall rate of detection of adenoma, or cancerous and precancerous polyps, by 27 percent in average-risk patients, according to new data presented at the Digestive Disease Week Annual Meeting.

The results of the prospective, randomized, multicenter study, led by clinician-scientist Aasma Shaukat, MD, MPH, at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, and published in the journal Gastroenterology, found that when AI was used during a screening colonoscopy, the adenoma per colonoscopy rate increased significantly by 22 percent, from 0.82 to 1.05 percent. This research further suggests that AI can be an efficient tool for gastroenterologists and endoscopists to incorporate into their procedures to reduce the number of polyps missed and left behind in the colon, many of which can be precancerous. “Our findings add to the growing amount of literature that shows using computer-aided technology during an endoscopy procedure can improve the quality of exams performed and improve outcomes for our patients,” says Dr. Shaukat, the Robert M. and Mary H. Glickman Professor of Medicine and Gastroenterology and director of outcomes research for the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. “Several software technologies are currently available for clinicians, and incorporating the use of these resources will only enhance the care we provide our patients and improve the quality of exams we as physicians are able to perform.”

News • Prevention improvement

Bowel cancer: most cases diagnosed outside of screening programmes

More than 70% of patients with bowel cancer are not diagnosed using screening programmes meaning diagnoses are often made late, when the cancer is at an advanced stage, according to new research.

Colonoscopy is considered the most effective test for colorectal cancer screenings and prevention as the procedure reduces the incidence and mortality through early detection. During a colonoscopy, a doctor inserts and threads a narrow, flexible tube called a colonoscope into the rectum and through the entire colon, or large intestine. The colonoscope is equipped with a small camera at its end that allows the doctor to visualize and examine the lining of the colon and rectum as they withdraw the scope. If the physician identifies an abnormal growth or polyp during the procedure, they will remove it and send it to pathology for a definitive diagnosis. While the procedure is effective, results vary depending on the skill of the physician performing the exam, and an estimated 30 percent of polyps are missed during a traditional procedure. In an effort to improve quality and efficacy, researchers are working with AI platforms to act as a second set of eyes for the endoscopist. A computer-aided detection device was developed for the identification of colorectal polyps during high-definition white-light colonoscopy procedures. The device analyzes the colonoscope video feed in real time and identifies potential polyps and areas of concern on the monitor. The endoscopist can see these areas in real time, thus improving the results of the procedure.

For the study, 22 skilled, board-certified gastroenterologists performed colonoscopies for 1,440 patients from January 2021 to September 2021. Patients were randomized to receive either a standard colonoscopy or a colonoscopy using computer-aided detection software. All patients included in the study were over the age of 40 and having a screening or surveillance colonoscopy, but had not had a previous colonoscopy within the last 3 years. Of the total number of patients, 677 were randomized to the standard arm and 682 to the computer-aided arm. The number of polyps found using a computer-aided colonoscope was 1.05 compared to 0.82. There was no decrease in the true histology rate, indicating the polyps of concern were all removed. “Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and it is one of the few cancers that can be prevented if caught early,” says Dr. Shaukat. “Our mission remains to improve and enhance the quality and efficacy of the colonoscopy across the board to provide the best care for patients.”

The researchers acknowledge that long-term follow up studies are needed to further evaluate the benefit of computer-assisted devices on clinical outcomes.

Source: NYU Langone Health

11.06.2022